Naoki Ohnishi, Kahoko Tochigi, Tomoko Naganuma, Shinsuke Koike, Koji Yamazaki,Takeshi Osawa It is commonly believed that about 95% of mammal species exhibit male-biased dispersal andfemales’ philopatry, but few species have been studied to…
Elise Loggers, Andrea Litt, Mark Haroldson, Kerry Gunther, Frank T. van Manen Outdoor recreation is growing, increasing the importance of understanding how animalsrespond to low-intensity recreation (i.e., hiking). Bear Management Areas (BMA) in…